无论是独立服务器还是虚拟服务器我们常用到Linux系统,Linux系统相比Windows系统,一般都是通过SSH来管理的,不会像Windows系统那样有直观的远程桌面连接方式!因此对应没有任何基础的网友来说,可能在使用方面会存在一定的困难,但是一般只要细心研究和体会一番基本都能完成正常操作和管理的!之前博主在独立服务器/云服务器/虚拟服务器建站脚本推荐:简单好用的宝塔Linux面板,一键LNMP/LAMP建站环境,可视化WEB管理页面文章当中提到过了Linux系统可以使用宝塔Linux面板来搭建建站环境和运维!看了这篇文章介绍基本上人人都可以使用Linux系统服务器来搭建网站!
这里讲一讲Linux系统服务器如何挂载数据盘。我们在购买服务器时,很多商家会提供到系统盘多少多少,然后数据盘多少多少!默认情况下我们安装Linux系统到系统盘就能正常使用了,但是数据盘不进行挂载的话就会一直本丢弃在一旁,永远处于吃灰状态,并没有充分得到利用!所以有数据盘的服务器产品,我们在安装好系统后一定要先挂载数据盘,并且最好是安装系统后马上挂载,以免造成数据丢失!如果你的服务器已经在正常使用一段时间了,并且目前已经有数据在服务器上面了,那么挂载数据盘就一定要注意备份了,因为挂载数据盘到哪个目录的话会进行格式化!所以一定谨慎操作,一般建议拿到服务器后就挂载!
1、Linux自动磁盘挂载工具介绍
其实Linux数据盘挂载还是有一定的繁琐的,因为要格式化、又要创建挂载目录等,对于新手朋友来说哪个步骤都出不得问题!这里为大家推荐一款不错的Linux系统自动挂载数据盘的脚步脚本:BT-Panel Linux自动磁盘挂载工具!此工具默认一键将数据盘挂载到/www目录,因此如果磁盘已分区且未挂载,此工具会自动将分区挂载到/www!如果你的服务器磁盘是新磁盘,工具会自动分区并格式化成xfs/ext4文件系统后在将数据盘挂载到/www目录!目前BT-Panel Linux自动磁盘挂载工具支持Centos、Ubuntu、Debian、Fedora系统。
2、Linux一键挂载数据盘脚本
作者脚本:
Centos系统请使用以下命令:
yum install wget -y && wget -O auto_disk.sh http://download.bt.cn/tools/auto_disk.sh && bash auto_disk.sh
Ubuntu系统请使用以下命令:
wget -O auto_disk.sh http://download.bt.cn/tools/auto_disk.sh && sudo bash auto_disk.sh
Debian系统请使用以下命令:
wget -O auto_disk.sh http://download.bt.cn/tools/auto_disk.sh && bash auto_disk.sh
博客备份脚本:
Centos系统请使用以下命令:
yum install wget -y && wget -O auto_disk.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zhuji9999/BT-Panel-Linux/master/auto_disk.sh && bash auto_disk.sh
Ubuntu系统请使用以下命令:
wget -O auto_disk.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zhuji9999/BT-Panel-Linux/master/auto_disk.sh && sudo bash auto_disk.sh
Debian系统请使用以下命令:
wget -O auto_disk.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zhuji9999/BT-Panel-Linux/master/auto_disk.sh && bash auto_disk.sh
脚本代码备份:
#!/bin/bash
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
setup_path=/www
#if [ $1 != "" ];then
#setup_path=$1;
#fi
#检测磁盘数量
sysDisk=`cat /proc/partitions|grep -v name|grep -v ram|awk '{print $4}'|grep -v '^$'|grep -v '[0-9]$'|grep -v 'vda'|grep -v 'xvda'|grep -v 'sda'|grep -e 'vd' -e 'sd' -e 'xvd'`
if [ "${sysDisk}" == "" ]; then
echo -e "ERROR!This server has only one hard drive,exit"
echo -e "此服务器只有一块磁盘,无法挂载"
echo -e "Bye-bye"
exit;
fi
#检测/www目录是否已挂载磁盘
mountDisk=`df -h | awk '{print $6}' |grep www`
if [ "${mountDisk}" != "" ]; then
echo -e "www directory has been mounted,exit"
echo -e "www目录已被挂载,不执行任何操作"
echo -e "Bye-bye"
exit;
fi
#检测是否有windows分区
winDisk=`fdisk -l |grep "NTFS\|FAT32"`
if [ "${winDisk}" != "" ];then
echo 'Warning: The Windows partition was detected. For your data security, Mount manually.';
echo "危险 数据盘为windwos分区,为了你的数据安全,请手动挂载,本脚本不执行任何操作。"
exit;
fi
echo "
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Bt-WebPanel Automatic disk partitioning tool
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Copyright © 2015-2017 BT-SOFT(http://www.bt.cn) All rights reserved.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Auto mount partition disk to $setup_path
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
"
#数据盘自动分区
fdiskP(){
for i in `cat /proc/partitions|grep -v name|grep -v ram|awk '{print $4}'|grep -v '^$'|grep -v '[0-9]$'|grep -v 'vda'|grep -v 'xvda'|grep -v 'sda'|grep -e 'vd' -e 'sd' -e 'xvd'`;
do
#判断指定目录是否被挂载
isR=`df -P|grep $setup_path`
if [ "$isR" != "" ];then
echo "Error: The $setup_path directory has been mounted."
return;
fi
isM=`df -P|grep '/dev/${i}1'`
if [ "$isM" != "" ];then
echo "/dev/${i}1 has been mounted."
continue;
fi
#判断是否存在未分区磁盘
isP=`fdisk -l /dev/$i |grep -v 'bytes'|grep "$i[1-9]*"`
if [ "$isP" = "" ];then
#开始分区
fdisk -S 56 /dev/$i << EOF n p 1 wq EOF sleep 5 #检查是否分区成功 checkP=`fdisk -l /dev/$i|grep "/dev/${i}1"` if [ "$checkP" != "" ];then #格式化分区 mkfs.ext4 /dev/${i}1 mkdir $setup_path #挂载分区 sed -i "/\/dev\/${i}1/d" /etc/fstab echo "/dev/${i}1 $setup_path ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
mount -a
df -h
fi
else
#判断是否存在Windows磁盘分区
isN=`fdisk -l /dev/$i|grep -v 'bytes'|grep -v "NTFS"|grep -v "FAT32"`
if [ "$isN" = "" ];then
echo 'Warning: The Windows partition was detected. For your data security, Mount manually.';
return;
fi
#挂载已有分区
checkR=`df -P|grep "/dev/$i"`
if [ "$checkR" = "" ];then
mkdir $setup_path
sed -i "/\/dev\/${i}1/d" /etc/fstab
echo "/dev/${i}1 $setup_path ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
mount -a
df -h
fi
#清理不可写分区
echo 'True' > $setup_path/checkD.pl
if [ ! -f $setup_path/checkD.pl ];then
sed -i "/\/dev\/${i}1/d" /etc/fstab
mount -a
df -h
else
rm -f $setup_path/checkD.pl
fi
fi
done
}
stop_service(){
/etc/init.d/bt stop
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/nginx" ]; then
/etc/init.d/nginx stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/httpd" ]; then
/etc/init.d/httpd stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/mysqld" ]; then
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd" ]; then
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/tomcat" ]; then
/etc/init.d/tomcat stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/redis" ]; then
/etc/init.d/redis stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/memcached" ]; then
/etc/init.d/memcached stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/www/server/panel/data/502Task.pl" ]; then
rm -f /www/server/panel/data/502Task.pl
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-52" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-52 stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-53" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-53 stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-54" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-54 stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-55" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-55 stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-56" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-56 stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-70" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-70 stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-71" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-71 stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
fi
}
start_service()
{
/etc/init.d/bt start
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/nginx" ]; then
/etc/init.d/nginx start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/httpd" ]; then
/etc/init.d/httpd start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/mysqld" ]; then
/etc/init.d/mysqld start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd" ]; then
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/tomcat" ]; then
/etc/init.d/tomcat start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/redis" ]; then
/etc/init.d/redis start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/memcached" ]; then
/etc/init.d/memcached start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-52" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-52 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-53" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-53 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-54" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-54 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-55" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-55 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-56" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-56 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-70" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-70 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-71" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-71 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-72" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-71 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/php-fpm-73" ]; then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm-71 start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
echo "True" > /www/server/panel/data/502Task.pl
}
while [ "$go" != 'y' ] && [ "$go" != 'n' ]
do
read -p "Do you want to try to mount the data disk to the $setup_path directory?(y/n): " go;
done
if [ "$go" = 'n' ];then
echo -e "Bye-bye"
exit;
fi
if [ -f "/etc/init.d/bt" ] && [ -f "/www/server/panel/data/port.pl" ]; then
disk=`cat /proc/partitions|grep -v name|grep -v ram|awk '{print $4}'|grep -v '^$'|grep -v '[0-9]$'|grep -v 'vda'|grep -v 'xvda'|grep -v 'sda'|grep -e 'vd' -e 'sd' -e 'xvd'`
diskFree=`cat /proc/partitions |grep ${disk}|awk '{print $3}'`
wwwUse=`du -sh -k /www|awk '{print $1}'`
if [ "${diskFree}" -lt "${wwwUse}" ]; then
echo -e "Sorry,your data disk is too small,can't coxpy to the www."
echo -e "对不起,你的数据盘太小,无法迁移www目录数据到此数据盘"
exit;
else
echo -e ""
echo -e "stop bt-service"
echo -e "停止宝塔服务"
echo -e ""
sleep 3
stop_service
echo -e ""
mv /www /bt-backup
echo -e "disk partition..."
echo -e "磁盘分区..."
sleep 2
echo -e ""
fdiskP
echo -e ""
echo -e "move disk..."
echo -e "迁移数据中..."
\cp -r -p -a /bt-backup/* /www
echo -e ""
echo -e "Done"
echo -e "迁移完成"
echo -e ""
echo -e "start bt-service"
echo -e "启动宝塔服务"
echo -e ""
start_service
fi
else
fdiskP
echo -e ""
echo -e "Done"
echo -e "挂载成功"
fi




